Congenital Ranula in a Newborn: A Case Report

Abstract

Congenital ranula is a rare, benign, mucus-filled cystic lesion arising from the sublingual gland and presenting in the floor of the mouth. Although often asymptomatic, enlargement may cause tongue displacement, feeding difficulties, and potential airway compromise in neonates and infants. This report describes a congenital ranula in a 2-month-old female infant who presented with a swelling in the floor of the mouth that had been present since birth. Clinical examination revealed a well-circumscribed, bluish, translucent, fluctuant, and non-tender cystic lesion on the right side of the floor of the mouth, resulting in tongue elevation and displacement. Ultrasonography demonstrated a well-defined cystic lesion consistent with a congenital ranula. Following clinical and radiological assessment, the patient underwent surgical marsupialization under anesthesia, involving opening and drainage of the cyst. The postoperative course was uneventful, and satisfactory healing was observed during follow-up. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and appropriate management of congenital ranula to prevent potential complications, particularly feeding difficulties and airway obstruction. Treatment should be individualized according to the lesion's size, clinical manifestations, and anatomical extent.