Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices of Thyroid Disorders and Risk Factors Among Women of Zawia City of the Western Region of Libya

Abstract

The occurrence of thyroid disorders is a highly frequent health issue. Thyroid disorders represent one of the most prevalent medical conditions globally. In the North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region, a health systems evaluation has highlighted a higher prevalence of risk factors for thyroid disease, particularly those related to iodine deficiency. Thyroid issues are quite prevalent in women of reproductive age. Pregnancy has a notable effect on thyroid function, resulting in an almost 50% rise in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), and a 50% rise in daily iodine needs. This study aimed to investigate the level of awareness and knowledge of thyroid disorders among the Libyan female population in Zawia Diabetic Center and the factors leading to increased rates of thyroid disorders in Zawia, Libya. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among females aged 18 years and older who currently reside in Zawia in the Western region of Libya. A total of 103 female participant, majority of the respondents were aged 41–55 years (39.8%), married (72.8%), and had a high educational level (62.1%). Most of them, 79 (76.7%), had thyroid disease before. Overall, 64 (62.1%) participants had poor knowledge, whereas 39 (37.9%) demonstrated good knowledge regarding thyroid disorders. Age was significantly associated with knowledge level (p = 0.011). We recommended doing activities that focus on increasing the knowledge and awareness of the public regarding thyroid disorders.