Randomized Controlled Trial in the Libyan Population: Comparing Fetal Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients Treated with Metformin versus Insulin

Abstract

The study aimed to evaluate the neonatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treated with metformin versus those treated with insulin. 140 participants diagnosed with GDM were included in this study. They were randomized into two groups: one group received metformin, and the other group received insulin. There were no adverse neonatal outcomes such as intrauterine growth retardation, premature labor, birth asphyxia, birth trauma, placental abnormalities, perinatal death, low birth weight, or any neonatal ward admission in patients treated with metformin. The incidence of premature labor and fetal distress was higher in patients treated with insulin.