The Possible Relation Between Low Weight and Anemia Among School Children in Surman Area

Abstract

Anemia is a common nutritional disorder among school-aged children, often associated with low body weight and inadequate dietary intake. Understanding the relationship between body weight and hematological status is essential for early detection and prevention of anemia. This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between low weight and anemia among school children aged 6–12 years in the Surman area, Libya. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 school children (55 males, 45 females). Data on demographics, dietary habits, and medical history were collected using structured questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements (weight, age) were recorded, and complete blood count (CBC) parameters, including hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), red blood cells (RBC), and related indices, were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and gender comparisons were performed using SPSS. The mean age and weight of participants were 9.3 ± 2 years and 28 ± 8.2 kg, respectively, with males and females showing comparable anthropometric values. Dietary assessments revealed frequent consumption of meat and fruits/vegetables, while tea consumption was low. Most children were healthy with minimal chronic illnesses or medication use. The overall mean CBC parameters were within normal ranges (Hb: 12.6 ± 0.9 g/dL; Hct: 36.4 ± 5.2%; RBC: 4.5 ± 1.13 ×10⁶/µL). Additionally, the prevalence of anemia was 5% and 6% among females and males, respectively, whereas the overall prevalence rate was approximately 5.5%. These results imply that severe anemia is not generally common in this population. Weight and age were positively correlated with hemoglobin and hematocrit, indicating that underweight and younger children were at higher risk of anemia. Gender-specific analysis showed no significant differences in CBC parameters. Although severe anemia was uncommon, low body weight was associated with lower hematological indices in some participants. These findings underscore the importance of routine nutritional monitoring, anemia screening, and targeted interventions to promote optimal growth and prevent anemia in school-aged children.