Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice About Antibiotic Misuse and Antimicrobial Resistance Among the Libyan Community

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent, critical global health issue due to bacterial infections that are known as the second leading cause of death worldwide. Antibiotic overuse and misuse remain the main drivers of resistance development. The high rate of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has been exacerbated worldwide, including in North Africa, and Libya is no exception. To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and awareness regarding antibiotic use among the Libyan population. A descriptive cross-sectional study was done online through Google Forms from August to October of 2025. A Questionnaire was sent to the general population across Libya by sharing a link through popular social media groups. A total of 260 responses were received from different cities across Libya. Most of the participants were well-educated (94.6%), in their middle age (31–45) years old (52.3%). The majority of them were female (77.3%). 65.8% of the participants correctly reported that antibiotics are not used to treat viral infections; most individuals are cautious and acknowledge the potential risks of using antibiotics without a prescription, with 62.7%, believing that it is acceptable only in rare cases. Despite a good level of knowledge, 71.9 % reported that they had previously purchased antibiotics without a prescription. The results also indicated that 58.1% have a good level of awareness of the term antibiotic resistance. Most respondents show responsible behavior by completing their antibiotic course, with just 15.4% admitting that they stop taking antibiotics once they feel better. A large majority, 72.3%, are supporters of stricter regulations. This finding will be useful in designing effective and targeted interventions to decrease misconceptions about antibiotic use and to increase awareness about the risks of inappropriate use of antibiotics in the community.