Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV Among Libyan Citizens and Migrant Workers in the Nalut Region

Abstract

Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) represent significant global health challenges, particularly in transit regions where migration patterns may influence disease dynamics. Libya, as a destination and transit point for migrants, faces unique epidemiological pressures. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HBsAg, HCV antibodies, and HIV among Libyan citizens and foreign migrant workers in the Nalut region. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using mandatory health examination records from the healthcare laboratory in Nalut between March and August 2025. A total of 894 participants (561 Libyans and 333 foreign workers) were screened using rapid diagnostic tests, with positive results confirmed via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Among Libyan citizens, the seroprevalence rates were 1.6% (n=9) for HBsAg, 0.71% (n=4) for HCV, and 0.17% (n=1) for HIV. Among foreign workers, the rates were 0.9% (n=3) for HBsAg and 1.5% (n=5) for HCV, with no HIV cases recorded. Statistical analysis indicated no significant differences in prevalence between the two groups (p > 0.05). Notably, the highest prevalence was observed in the 21–30 age group. Conclusion: The findings indicate a low to moderate prevalence of viral infections in the Nalut region, with similar rates between local and migrant populations. Continued surveillance and expanded screening programs are recommended to manage public health risks effectively.